The sources of the citations included in this index of Ashbery’s influences and interests are listed below. A complete set of abbreviated entries for the publications is provided at the beginning for quick access to specific titles. You may click on an individual title to find additional information, contained in a set of expanded entries that follows the abbreviated ones. The expanded entries provide descriptive and bibliographic information for each publication, as well as a summary of the artists and works mentioned by Ashbery in that particular piece, thereby affording some sense of the context in which subjects were mentioned. Click here to browse the expanded entries. For more information about publications listed here, you may read a full, annotated entry for each in the ARC's online catalogue of the Ashbery archive. Click here to return to the index of Ashbery's stated influences and interests.




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Albany Times-Union, 15 August 1999 (Albany, NY)
(newspaper; "Poet enjoys reading a Stein epic," by Frances Ingraham Heins [on Ashbery's bedtime reading])

Citations in literature:
Robert Fitzgerald
Jean McGarry
Marcel Proust
Gertrude Stein
Robert Walser


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American Poetry Archives News, Fall 1990 (San Francisco, CA, San Francisco Poetry Center / American Poetry Archives)
(house organ of the San Francisco Poetry Center and American Poetry Archives; interview by Richard Moore)

Citations in visual art:
Jane Freilicher


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American Poetry Review, May-June 1984 (Philadelphia, PA, World Poetry, Inc.)
(literary journal; interview by Ross Labrie)

Citations in cinema:
Where the North Begins

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Mildred Wirt Benson
Ivy Compton Burnett
Giorgio de Chirico
Ronald Firbank
Henry James
Gilbert Murray
National Geographic Magazine
Marcel Proust

Citations in music:
Igor Stravinsky

Citations in theater:
Christian Dietrich Grabbe

Citations in visual art:
Giorgio de Chirico


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American Writing Today, 1982 (Washington, D.C., Voice of America Forum Series)
(book; interview by John Dalzell)

Citations in cinema:
Andy Warhol

Citations in literature:
Charles Baudelaire
Ivy Compton Burnett
Ronald Firbank
Marcel Proust

Citations in music:
Elliott Carter
Charles Ives
Arnold Schoenberg

Citations in visual art:
Jackson Pollock
Mark Rothko


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Annandale, Spring 1992 (Annandale-on-Hudson, NY, Bard College Publications Office)

Citations in literature:
Paul Celan
Thomas DeQuincey
Friedrich Hölderlin
James Tate

Citations in music:
John Cage
Elliott Carter
Marc-Antoine Charpentier
François Couperin
Dinu Lipatti
Claudio Monteverdi
Igor Stravinsky

Citations in visual art:
Brice Marden


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Antaeus
,
Autumn 1975 (New York, NY, Ecco)
(literary journal; "Neglected Books of the Twentieth Century" feature)

Citations in literature:
Mary Butts
Giorgio de Chirico
Pierre Reverdy
Laura Riding Jackson
Raymond Roussel

Citations in visual art:
Giorgio de Chirico


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Bard Observer, 17 May 1991 (Page 9 of PDF file) (Annandale-on-Hudson NY, Bard College)
(college student newspaper; "John Ashbery: Bard's 'Literalist of the Imagination,'" interview by Jonathan Englert)

Citations in cinema:
Jean Cocteau
Daffy Duck

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Friedrich Hölderlin
Wallace Stevens
Alfred Lord Tennyson
Thomas Traherne
Walt Whitman


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Bennington Review, September 1980 (Bennington, VT, Bennington College)
(literary journal; interview by David Remnick [longer version of an interview first published in the Nassau Literary Review, Spring 1980])

Citations in cinema:
Fritz Lang

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Giorgio de Chirico
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Franz Kafka
John Keats
Daniel Defoe
Marianne Moore
Marcel Proust
Wallace Stevens
William Carlos Williams

Citations in music:
Elliott Carter
Charles Ives

Citations in theater:
Alphonse Daudet

Citations in visual art:
Giorgio de Chirico
Popeye
"
Rivers and Mountains" landscape scrolls


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Best American Poetry 2000, 2000 (New York, NY, Scribner / Simon & Schuster)
(poetry anthology; "Best American Poetry of the Twentieth Century" feature)

Citations in literature:
A.R. Ammons
W.H. Auden
Elizabeth Bishop
Robert Creeley
Chris Edgar
T.S. Eliot
Samuel Greenberg
Kenneth Koch
Marianne Moore
Frank O'Hara
Laura Riding Jackson
David Schubert
James Schuyler
Delmore Schwartz
Gertrude Stein
Wallace Stevens
James Tate
John Wheelwright
William Carlos Williams
John Yau


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Bookforum, Fall 2000 (New York, NY, Artforum International Magazine, Inc.)
(literary magazine; "Back to School," interview by Lee Smith)

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Friedrich Hölderlin
Laura Riding Jackson
David Schubert
Wallace Stevens


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Columbia, Winter 2001 (New York, NY, Office of University Development and Alumni Relations, Columbia University)
(university journal; "Perennial Surprises," interview by Robert E. Clark)

Citatiions in literature:
Marianne Moore


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Columbia County Independent, 13-27 March 2001 (Hillsdale, NY, Roe Jan Independant Pub., Inc.)
(newspaper; "Difficult, Part I" and "Difficult Part II," interview in two parts by Daniel B. Region)

Citations in literature:
Book of Knowledge
Robert Frost
Henry James
Marcel Proust
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Dylan Thomas


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Confrontation, Fall 1974 (Southampton, NY, Long Island University)
(literary journal; "The Craft of John Ashbery," inteview by Louis A. Osti)

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Giorgio de Chirico
F.T. Prince
Raymond Roussel
Wallace Stevens

Citations in visual art:
Giorgio de Chirico
Fernand Léger


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Contemporanea, January 1990 (New York, NY, Contemporanea, LTD.)
(arts journal; "Art of the Poet," interview by Stephen Sartarelli)

Citations in literature:
Frank O'Hara

Citations in visual art:
R.B. Kitaj
Fairfield Porter


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Culture Hero: A Fanzine of Stars of the Super World, March 1970 [?] (New York, NY, NIL)
(arts journal; "Visiting John Ashbery," interview by Gerrit Henry)

Citatiions in literature:
Ruth Hershberger
Joan Murray (1917-1942)
John Wheelwright


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Daily Freeman, 17 April 2001 (Kingston, NY)
(newspaper; "Ensuring an Audience," interview by Blaise Schweitzer)

Citatiions in literature:
Anton Chekhov


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Denver Post, 5 July 1976 (Denver, CO)
(newspaper; "Prize-Winning Poet Well Versed in America's New Words," interview by Carol Bell)

Citations in cinema:
Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman [television]

Citations in literature:
William Carlos Williams


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Details, March 1988 (New York, NY, Details Publishing Corporation)
(magazine; "John Ashbery: Stanza by Me," interview by Fred Rothbell-Mista)

Citations in cinema:
John Agar
Cocaine Fiends
Marijuana: Weed with Roots in Hell
Reefer Madness
Sex Madness
Edward D. Wood


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Eleanor Levine Newsletter, October 1996 (New York, NY)
(poetry journal; interview by Eleanor Levine [?])

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
T.S. Eliot
Gaston Leroux

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Frieze, September 2004 (London, UK /New York, NY / Berlin, Germany, Durian Publications, Ltd.)
(magazine; "A Kind of Musical Space," interview by Craig Burnett)

Citations in cinema:

Daffy Duck
Guy Maddin
Mulholland Drive


Citations in literature:
Ronald Firbank
Sigmund Freud
Edward Lear
Arthur Rimbaud
Delmore Schwartz

Citations in music:
Claudio Monteverdi

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Guardian, 19 April 1975 (London, United Kingdom)
(newspaper; interview by Raymond Gardner)

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
John Donne
Stéphane Mallarmé


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Harvard Advocate, December 1987 (Cambridge, MA, Harvard University)
(student literary journal; interview by Andrew Osborn)

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Ralph Waldo Emerson


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Harvard Advocate, Spring 2002 (Cambridge, MA, Harvard University)
(student literary journal; interview by Cody Carvel and Rob Dennis)


Citations in cinema:
Her Cardboard Lover
A Midsummer Night's Dream

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Gertrude Stein

Citations in music:
Johann Sebastian Bach
John Cage
Elliott Carter
Charles Ives

Citations in theater:
William Shakespeare


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Harvard Review, Fall 1999 (Cambridge, MA, Harvard University)
(literary journal; interview by Michael Londry)


Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
T.S. Eliot
Alfred Jarry
Delmore Schwartz
Wallace Stevens
William Carlos Williams


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Hayden's Ferry Review, Spring-Summer 1993 (Tempe, AZ, Arizona State University)
(literary journal; "Notes About the Process," interview by Rodrigo García Lopes)

Citations in literature:
Delmore Schwartz

Citations in music:
Claudio Monteverdi


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Illustrated London News, June 1985 (London, United Kingdom, Illustrated London News & Sketch, LTD.)
(monthly news magazine; "The World's Greatest Paintings" feature)

Citations in visual art:
Giorgio de Chirico


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Illustrated London News, August 1985 (London, United Kingdom, Illustrated London News & Sketch, LTD.)
(monthly news magazine; "The World's Greatest Paintings" feature)

Citations in visual art:
Pablo Picasso
Johannes Vermeer



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Independent, 13 November 1999 (London, United Kingdom)
(newspaper; "A Blue Rinse for the Language," interview by Michael Glover)

Citations in visual art:
Henry Darger


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International Herald Tribune, 2 October 1989 (Paris, France)
(newspaper; "John Ashbery, Making Nothing Happen," interview by Mary Blume)

Citations in cinema:
Speedy Gonzales

Citations in literature:
Charles Baudelaire
Kalevala
Vaslav Nijinsky
Theodore Spencer
Wallace Stevens


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Interview, June 1990 (New York, NY, Interview, Inc.)
(magazine; "Ashbery Explains It," interview by Scott Cohen)

Citations in cinema:
Detour

Citations in visual art:
[photograph of the reenactment of the attack on the Winter Palace in Petrograd, 1917]
Henri Cartier-Bresson
Marcel Duchamp
Alfred Eisenstadt
Francisco de Goya
Francesco Parmigianino
Johannes Vermeer


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Irish Times, 20 June 1991 (Dublin, Ireland)
(newspaper; "A Sharp Divider of Opinions," article/interview by Brian Fallon)

Citations in literature:
Anna Akhmatova
W.H. Auden
Thomas Lovell Beddoes
Elizabeth Bishop
Hart Crane
George Darley
Friedrich Hölderlin
Osip Mandelstam
Boris Pasternak
Pierre Reverdy
Rainer Maria Rilke
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Alfred Lord Tennyson
Walt Whitman


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John Ashbery and Kenneth Koch (A Conversation), 1965 [?] (Tucson, AZ, Interview Press)
(pamphlet; collaborative interview conducted between Ashbery and Koch)

Citations in literature:
Ferruccio Busoni
Nathalia Crane
William LeQueux

Citations in music:
Luciano Berio


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John Ashbery in conversation with Mark Ford, 2003 (London, United Kingdom, Between the Lines)
(book; "The Conversation," interview by Mark Ford)

Citations in cinema:
Daffy Duck
D.W. Griffith
Laurel and Hardy
Paul Leni
A Midsummer Night's Dream
Where the North Begins

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Elizabeth Bishop
Hart Crane
Robert Creeley
Emily Dickinson
Robert Duncan
William Empson
Robert Frost
Henry Green
Osip Mandelstam
John Milton
Marianne Moore
Blaise Pascal
Boris Pasternak
Octavio Paz
F.T. Prince
Marcel Proust
Raymond Roussel
Wallace Stevens
James Tate
Walt Whitman
William Carlos Williams

Citations in music:
John Cage
Elliott Carter
Olivier Messiaen
Peaches and Herb

Citations in theater:
André Gide
William Shakespeare

Citations in visual art:
Henry Darger
Jasper Johns
Roy Lichtenstein


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Jubilat, 2004 (Amherst, MA, University of Massachusetts)
(literary journal; "Interview with John Ashbery," interview by Robert N. Casper)

Citations in literature:

W.H. Auden
Elizabeth Bishop
Friedrich Hölderlin
Kenneth Koch
Marianne Moore
Frank O'Hara
Boris Pasternak
Wallace Stevens


Citations in music:
Alexander Scriabin


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KGB Bar Book of Poems, 2000 (New York, NY, Quill / HarperCollins)
(anthology; photograph of Ashbery with a caption that quotes him)

Citations in cinema:
Merrily We Live


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Lambda Book Report, 4 November 1997 (Washington, D.C., Lambda Literary Foundation)
(literary journal; "Building the Nest of Ninnies," interview by David Bergman)

Citations in cinema:
Evelyn and Her Magic Violin [radio]

Citations in literature:
Ronald Firbank


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Lingo, 1993 (West Stockbridge, MA, Hard Press, Inc.)
(literary journal; interview by Michael Gizzi)

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Giorgio de Chirico
Pascalle Monnier
Anne Portugal
Raymond Roussel
James Schuyler

Citations in music:
John Cage
Bobby Goldsboro
Franz Schreker

Citations in visual art:
Giorgio de Chirico
Joseph Cornell

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London Times , 23 August 1984 (London, United Kingdom)
(newspaper; interview by Bryan Appleyard)

Citations in literature:
Robert Frost
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Elinor Wylie
Wallace Stevens
W.H. Auden
Philip Larkin

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Michigan Quarterly Review, Summer 1981 (Ann Arbor, MI, University of Michigan)
(literary journal; "The Experience of Experience," interview by A. Poulin, Jr.)

Citations in literature:
Kenneth Koch
Frank O'Hara
Wallace Stevens


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Nation, 11 November 1978 (New York, NY, Nation Enterprises)
(magazine; "Poet's Choice" feature [favorites from the preceding year])

Citations in literature:
Jack Anderson
Elizabeth Bishop
Alfred Corn
Rose Drachler
Kenward Elmslie
John Hollander
Kenneth Koch
Michael Lally
Enrique Lihn
James Schuyler
David Shapiro
Mark Strand
Rosemarie Waldrop
John Yau
Joshua Zim


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New Orleans Review, Summer 1990 (New Orleans, LA, Loyola University)
(literary journal; interview by Paul Munn)

Citations in cinema:
Lawrence of Arabia

Citations in literature:
Kalevala
Mabinogion
John O'Hara


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New Statesman, 23 May 2005 (London, United Kingdom)
(magazine; interview by Michael Glover)

Citations in literature:
Marianne Moore
Edward Lear


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New York, 20 May 1991 (New York, NY)
(magazine; "Poem Alone," article/interview by Dinitia Smith)

Citations in cinema:
Daffy Duck
Detour
The Great Gildersleeve
[radio]
David Lynch
Mexican Spitfire
Edward D. Wood

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Robert Frost
John Milton
Marie-Madeleine La Fayette
Raymond Roussel
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Algernon Charles Swinburne

Citations in music:
John Cage
Kaikhosru Sorabji

Citations in visual art:
Francesco Parmigianino


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New York, 27 June - 4 July 1994 (New York, NY)
(magazine; "Page Turners" feature [summer reading])

Citations in literature:
Marcel Proust


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New York, 5 April 1999 (New York, NY)
(magazine; "Little Darling," interview by Sarah Bernard)

Citations in visual art:
Henry Darger


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New York Arts Journal, 1981 (New York, NY, Manhattan Arts Review, Inc.)
(arts journal; interview by Mark Hillringhouse)

Citations in literature:

W.H. Auden
Elizabeth Bishop
Ivy Compton Burnett
Robert Creeley
Robert Duncan
T.S. Eliot
Ronald Firbank
Henry Green
Laura Riding Jackson
Raymond Roussel
Maurice Scéve
Dylan Thomas
Wallace Stevens
John Wheelwright


Citations in music:
Arnold Schoenberg

Citations in visual art:
Fernand Léger
Johannes Vermeer


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New York Quarterly, Winter 1972 (New York, NY, New York Quarterly Poetry Review Foundation, Inc.)
(literary journal; interview by Janet Bloom and Robert Losada [?])

Citations in literature:
Raymond Roussel
Maurice Scéve

Citations in music:
Johannes Brahms
Elliott Carter
François Couperin


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New York Times Book Review, 3 June 1979 (New York, NY)
(literary newspaper supplement; "Immortal Nominations" feature)

Citations in literature:
Laura Riding Jackson
John Wheelwright


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New York Times Book Review, 6 December 1981 (New York, NY)
(literary newspaper supplement; "I Would Like to Have Written" feature)

Citations in literature:
François La Rochefoucauld

Citations in theater:
Jean Racine


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New York Times Magazine, 23 May 1976 (New York, NY)
(newspaper supplement; "How to Be a Difficult Poet," article/interview by Richard Kostelanetz)

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Elizabeth Bishop
William Cowper
Giorgio de Chirico
Sigmund Freud
William LeQueux
Frank O'Hara
Wallace Stevens
Three Hundred Things a Bright Boy Can Do
William Carlos Williams

Citations in music:
Luciano Berio
John Cage
Anton Webern

Citations in visual art:
Giorgio de Chirico
Fernand Léger
Jackson Pollock
Mark Rothko


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New York Times Magazine, 16 December 1984 (New York, NY)
(newspaper supplement; "The Pleasures of Poetry," interview by David Lehman)

Citations in cinema:
Yasujiro Ozu
Speedy Gonzales

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Friedrich Hölderlin
Max Jacob
Kalevala

John Milton
Vaslav Nijinsky
Novalis
Marie-Madeleine La Fayette
Pierre Reverdy
Wallace Stevens

Citations in music:
John Cage


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New York Times Magazine, 4 April 1999 (New York, NY)
(newspaper supplement; "A Child in Time," interview by Melanie Rehak)

Citations in visual art:
Henry Darger
Popeye


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New York Times Magazine, 5 December 1999 (New York, NY)
(newspaper supplement; "How to Capture Our Culture" feature, by Mark Crispin Miller)

Citations in cinema:
Farrelly Brothers


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Off P'tree, July 1978 (Atlanta, GA, Off P'tree, Inc.)
(magazine; "Ashbery's Journey Toward Simple Dignity," interview by Sonya James)

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Wallace Stevens


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Oxford Poetry, Winter-Spring 1992 (Oxford, United Kingdom, Magdalen College / Oxford University)
(literary journal; "Speaking in Tongues," interview by Caroline Blyth)

Citations in literature:
Ferruccio Busoni
Robert Creeley
Robert Duncan
Friedrich Hölderlin
Ezra Pound

Citations in music:
Les Six

Citations in visual art:
Jane Freilicher
Hans Hoffmann
Jackson Pollock


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Paris Review, Winter 1983 (New York, NY / Paris, France / Flushing, NY, Paris Review, Inc.)
(literary journal; "The Art of Poetry XXXIII," interview by Peter Stitt)

Citations in cinema:
Ingmar Bergman
Laurel and Hardy

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Heimito von Doderer
Max Jacob
Marcel Proust
Elinor Wylie


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The Party's Over Now, 1972 (New York, NY, Viking)
(book; miscellaneous reminiscences and remarks)

Citations in cinema:
René Clair
Jean Cocteau
Drôle de Dame
On Approval
A Place in the Sun

Citations in literature:
Ivy Compton Burnett
Gene Derwood
Henry Green
Lytton Strachey

Citations in music:
John Cage
Cécile Chaminade

Citations in theater:
George Balanchine
Illuminations


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Performing Arts Journal, Winter 1979 (New York, NY, Performing Arts Journal, Inc.)
(theater journal; "Poet in the Theatre," interview by Roger Oliver)

Citations in cinema:
Jean Cocteau
D.W. Griffith
Paul Leni
Pandora and the Flying Dutchman
Where the North Begins

Citations in theater:
Jean Anouillh
Georges Feydeau
André Gidé
Eugène Labiche
Luigi Pirandello
Victorien Sardou
Augustine Eugène Scribe
Gertrude Stein
August Strindberg
Roger Vitrac
Robert Wilson


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Philadelphia Inquirer, 18 April 1999 (Philadelphia, PA)
(newspaper; "A Poem Inspired by an Outsider Artist," interview by Thomas Brady)

Citations in music:
Franco Donatoni
Sandro Gorli
Giacinto Scelsi

Citations in visual art:
Henry Darger


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PN Review, 1985 (Manchester, United Kingdom, Poetry Nation Review)
(literary journal; interview by John Ash)

Citations in cinema:
Andy Warhol

Citations in literature:
Charles Baudelaire
Clark Coolidge
Douglas Crase
George and Weedon Grossmith
Lyn Hejinian
Kenneth Koch
Michael Palmer
Walter Pater
Leslie Scalapino
James Schuyler
James Tate

Citations in music:
Daniel François Auber
Luciano Berio
Elliott Carter
Léo Delibes
Ludwig Minkus
Anton Webern


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PN Review, September-October 1994 (Manchester, United Kingdom, Poetry Nation Review)
(literary journal; interview by David Herd)

Citations in literature:
W.H. Auden
Charles Bernstein
Elizabeth Bishop
Book of Knowledge
Clark Coolidge
Cecil Day-Lewis
Peter Didsbury
Mark Ford
W.S. Graham
Lee Harwood
Ann Lauterbach
Marianne Moore
Nicholas Moore
F.T. Prince
Stephen Ratcliffe
Peter Robinson
Raymond Roussel
Leslie Scalapino
Delmore Schwartz
Stephen Spender
Wallace Stevens
Dylan Thomas
Walt Whitman
William Carlos Williams

Citations in visual art:
Joseph Cornell
Alex Katz


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PN Review, January-February 1999 (Manchester, United Kingdom, Poetry Nation Review)
(literary journal; interview by Kasia Boddy)

Citations in literature:
Mark Ford
James Tate


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Poetry Miscellany, 1981 (University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN [published at but not by the University of Tennessee])
(literary journal; "The Imminence of a Revelation," interview by Richard Jackson, Michael Panori and Carol Rosenberg)

Citations in cinema:
Jack Armstrong [radio]

Citations in literature:
Jorge Luis Borges

Citations in music:
John Cage
Elliott Carter

Citations in visual art:
Donald Judd
Henri Michaux


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Poetry Pilot, September 1970 (New York, NY, Academy of American Poets)
(Academy of American Poets house organ; Ashbery's selection of "poems [that] have meant a lot to me")

Citations in literature:
Nicholas Moore
John Wheelwright
Laura Riding Jackson
Joan Murray (1917-1942)
Robert Fitzgerald
F.T. Prince


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A Poetry Reading in Genoa, 1993 (Italy, Associazione Italiana di Studi Nord-Americani / Italian Association for North American Studies)
(university website [no longer available online]; transcript of a reading with questions from Massimo Bacigalupo and his students)

Citations in cinema:
Hiroshi Inagaki
Akira Kurosawa
Fritz Lang

Citations in literature:
Hans Christian Andersen
W.H. Auden
Elizabeth Bishop
Wilkie Collins
Giorgio de Chirico
Friedrich Hölderlin
Marianne Moore
Boris Pasternak
Pierre Reverdy
Arthur Rimbaud
Wallace Stevens
Georg Trakl

Citations in music:
Giacomo Puccini
Robert Schumann

Citations in visual art:
Paul Klee


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Poetry Review, August 1985 (London, United Kingdom, Poetry Society)
(literary journal; interview by John Murphy)

Citations in cinema:
Andy Warhol

Citations in literature:
Giorgio de Chirico
Raymond Roussel